大内田 裕

type:Article 文部科学省は,高等教育機関に在籍する障害学生の教育実習について,合理的配慮の在り方についてのさらなる検討が必要であることを示している(2021a)。本研究は,教職課程を置く大学等で障害学生が教育実習に参加するにあたって行われている合理的配慮に基づく配慮や支援などの対応や,その中で見えてきた課題や実態を明らかにすることを目的として,教職課程を置く34大学にアンケート調査を行なった。その結果,大学における合理的配慮は学生本人の申請に基づくものであることから,教育実習に参加する障害学生すべてに行われているわけではなく,個々の対応,個別性が非常に多岐にわたることが明らかになった。また問題点としては,大学内外との連携における担当者の交代による引き継ぎの困難さに懸念を持っている実態が明らかになった。 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) has indicated the need for further examination of reasonable accommodations for practicum experiences for students with disabilities enrolled in higher education institutions (2021). In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted and analyzed with the aim of clarifying and organizing the current situations of the reasonable accommodations for students with disabilities during educational training at universities. As a result, it became clear that not all students with disabilities participating in educational training receive reasonable accommodation because not all of them did request for reasonable accommodations, which is based on the request of the students themselves, and that the reasonable accommodations given to the students were highly individualized, and that the frequent changes of person in charge of the cooperation with inside and outside the university were happened.

The sense of body ownership, the feeling that one's body belongs to oneself, is a crucial subjective conscious experience of one's body. Recent methodological advances regarding crossmodal illusions have provided novel insights into how multisensory interactions shape human perception and cognition, underpinning conscious experience, particularly alteration of body ownership. Moreover, in post-stroke rehabilitation, encouraging the use of the paretic limb in daily life is considered vital, as a settled sense of ownership and attentional engagement toward the paralyzed body part may promote increased frequency of its use and prevent learned nonuse. Therefore, in addition to traditional methods, novel interventions using neurorehabilitation techniques that induce self-body recognition are needed. This study investigated whether the illusory experience of a patient's ownership alterations of their paretic hand facilitates the enhancement in the range of motion of succeeding imitation movements. An experiment combining a modified version of the rubber hand illusion with imitation training was conducted with chronic hemiplegia. A larger imitation movement of the paretic hand was observed in the illusion-induced condition, indicating that the feeling of ownership toward the observed limb promotes the induction of intrinsic potential for motor performance. This training, using subjective experience, may help develop new post-stroke rehabilitation interventions.