Woong Kwang Bae

本稿では, なぜ日本では民主市民教育が国家次元で推進されないのか, 次に研究次元ではどのような研究が行われているのか, 特に社会科教育について考察し, 最後に地方自治体ないし学校次元で実施されている授業実践について紹介する。社会科の公民領域において, 政治・経済・社会の機能・制度, 働く人々の工夫と努力を学ぶ中で, (シティズンシップ教育が求める)児童がもっと自己との関わりと社会参画への重要性に気付き, 深められるように, 社会科・公民の学習指導要領・解説・教科書を再検討し, 社会科授業カリキュラムの中でシティズンシップ教育を組み入れ, 授業単元化し, 実践研究を積み上げていくことが求められる。品川区のような一地方自治体たちが「市民科」という市民という普遍的な用語・概念に基づく教科を設置して行うだけでなく, 日本の社会科・公民がその名前を社会科・市民に改められる時, その必要性に日本の国民が気付いた時に, 日本のシティズンシップ教育・市民性教育と民主主義の教育は画期的な一歩高い段階に上ることができるであろう。

韓国は教育課程および教科書の内容から明らかであるが,日本に比べて初等教育段階から本格的な経済教育を実施している。では実際に教室でどのような授業が行われているのか。本稿は2014年5月20日,ソウル教育大学附属小学校での授業参観を通じて,韓国における小学校社会科経済単元の授業実践に関する一考察を記したものである。日本よりも5分も短い,40分という授業時間内で,3つもの活動を組み込み,本講時の学習問題に取り組み解いて行くだけでなく,その過程で職業選択の自由,消費者教育,起業家教育についても最先端のICTを活用しながら実践している。優れた経済教育の授業実践であった。In Korea economy education has been carried out in earnest from the elementary education stage compared with Japan. It's clear from the contents of a curriculum and a textbook. Then, what kind of class is performed in the classroom actually? This paper is writing about a study of class practice on economy unit in social studies in Korean elementary school. It was considered through a class practice performed at attached primary school in Seoul National University of Education on May 23, 2014. Class time of Korean elementary school is shorter in 5 minutes than Japanese one. It's 40minutes. But The class has three activities and tackles the leaning problem. In addition, it's being teached about freedom of a career choice, consumer education and entrepreneur education by utilizing most advanced ICT. It was an excellent class practice of economy education.

This paper is stated about An Analysis on Trade Structure in Korea since 1990's. In particular focusing on trade of commodity. The result of analysis is as follows: Firstly the trend of export value was demonstrated. Korean export has increased since 1990's but in 1998 and 2001. One of their years is the following year when the currency and finance crisis occurred in Korea and another is the year when IT bubble burst. After the currency and finance crisis in 1997，balance of payment in Korea changed from deficit to surplus. The surplus decreased gradually. But it began to increase again as a bottom in 2001．Nevertheless balance of payment in this year will be predicted to turn to deficit. Secondly the trend of exchange rate was analyzed. The exchange rate of won to dollar was, on the whole, devaluated throughout 1990's. It goes without saying that its exchange rate devaluated all the more when the currency and finance crisis occurred in December in 1997．After then it rose gradually till IT bubble burst. Though it fell in because of IT bubble burst, it has risen again since 2003．At present it has fallen sharply again since August in this year. Thirdly Korean economy has still had a structure depending on export. However it don't have such a structure leaded by export now. Fourthly export of commodity was analyzed. Electric product has become to be the most export goods since 1990's. Machinery has become second to it. Korean export structure has sophisticated more and more. Semiconductor and motor car occupies around 10 percentage each other in total export value now. The light industrial goods decreased their share contrastively. For example living goods are suitable for above case. Finally in the case of import, mineral fuel, in particular import value of petroleum increase rapidly in these years, because of international petroleum price rise. it will cause deficit of balance of payment in 2008．

現代はグローバルとローカルの時代であるといわれる。戦後日本経済は外国貿易・海外投資を急速に拡大することによって,国際的経済諸関係を緊密化し,今日いわゆる国際化時代が到来した。一方,中央官庁主導に代わって地方分権が推進され,地方行政の役割が高まっている。人々が現実に生活し,密接な関わりをもつのはそれぞれの地域である。地域行政のまちづくり如何が,住民の暮しに大きな影響を及ぼすことはいうまでもない。南河内郡太子町の第三次総合計画策定をケーススタディとして,同町の地域産業と財政を分析し,地域のまちづくりの実相を考察した。We call today gobal and local age. Japan economy has extended rapidly foreign trade and investment after World War II. Japan economy is closely connected by world economy and We have met international age. One hand the role of local administration is increasing instead of central that by advancing local decentralization of authority. It is local area that people live actually and are related closely. Town creation of local administration has influenced to living of people. This paper is written on town creation of Minamikawachi-gun Taishi-cho by analysising industry and finance.

今世紀初頭, アジア, アフリカ, ラテンアメリカなどの地球上の多くの地域・諸国が帝国主義国によって植民地・半植民地ないし従属国状態を余儀なくされた。第二次大戦後,政治的独立を達成したこれらの地域・諸国の最大の国民的課題は「自立的」国民経済形成にあった。このような歴史のなかで開発経済学は誕生し, 人類全体が解決すべき課題として「南北問題」が提起され, 途上国の経済発展の方向性及び開発経済政策について, 多くの議論が展開されてきた。かつて注目された新植民地主義論, 従属理論は結果として自力更正・輸入代替工業化を提示したが, アジアNIEsの出現という歴史によって反証された。なぜならアジアNIEsが示した途上国の経済発展の方向性・政策とは, 外資導入・輸出主導型工業化に他ならなかったからである。朝鮮半島における南北二つの主権国家の対称的な経済発展過程は, まさにこの議論に対して歴史的検証を与えている。This paper is written on the subject of analysis on Southu-North Korean economic relationship in paticulary with focus on trade and investment. One factor that South-North Korean trade started is charactor change of South Korean goverment. Anoter is requirement of market extension from South Korean capital faced with crisis. In the present South-North Korean trade is tied up in spite of increase of processing deal trade. North Korean open economy policy looks like becoming serious from 1990's. But the success of that policy depends on introdcution of South Korean capital. South Korean capital cann't advance to North Korean market against their goverment wishes. In consequent unification policies of South Korean goverment have a large influence to prospects of South-North Korean economic exchange.