Division of General Education

大河内 浩人

オオコウチ ヒロト  (Hiroto Okouchi)

基本情報

所属
大阪教育大学 総合教育系 教授
学位
修士(学術)(広島大学)
Ph.D(Hiroshima University)
博士(学術)(広島大学)

研究者番号
80223775
J-GLOBAL ID
200901004027200021
researchmap会員ID
5000026037

論文

 84
  • Hiroto Okouchi
    The Psychological Record 74(1) 45-58 2023年12月18日  査読有り筆頭著者最終著者責任著者
  • Hiroto Okouchi
    The Psychological Record 73(4) 513-523 2023年10月16日  査読有り筆頭著者最終著者責任著者
  • Kennon A. Lattal, Hiroto Okouchi
    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 120(3) 330-343 2023年9月26日  査読有り最終著者
    Abstract Three pigeon dyads were exposed to a two‐component multiple schedule comprised of two tandem variable‐interval 30‐s interresponse time (IRT) > 3‐s schedules in the presence of different stimuli. Pecks to keys by both pigeons of a dyad occurring within 500 ms of one another were required for reinforcement under one tandem schedule (the coordination component), and such coordinated responses were not required under the other (the control component). The terminal link of each schedule ensured that the reinforced coordination response was an IRT > 3 s. Rates of coordinated IRTs > 3 s and total rates of coordinated responses (composed of IRTs > 3 s and IRTs ≤ 3 s) were higher in the coordination components than in either of two different control components in which coordination was not required for reinforcement. This difference in coordinated responses in the presence and absence of the coordination requirement under stimulus control transitorily deteriorated and then was reestablished when the relation between the stimulus and the coordination contingency or its absence was reversed. The results show coordinated responding to function as a discriminated social operant.
  • Hiroto Okouchi
    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 120(3) 406-415 2023年9月11日  査読有り筆頭著者最終著者責任著者
    Abstract Although hypothetical rewards have been used almost exclusively in human discounting studies, investigations of their validity are limited. The present experiment compared the discounting of monetary reward value by probability across conditions in which the rewards were real, potentially real, and hypothetical. Twenty‐four undergraduates choose between an uncertain large reward and a certain small reward 60 times (trials). In the real and hypothetical reward conditions, the participants made choices with real and hypothetical money, respectively, in every trial. In the potentially real condition, they did so with real money in randomly selected three of the 60 trials and with hypothetical money in the remainder. The log10‐transformed h values of a hyperbolic probability‐discount function and the values of the area under the curve with an ordinal transformation of odds against were higher and lower, respectively, in the potentially real and in the hypothetical reward conditions than in the real reward condition, demonstrating that the probability discounting of hypothetical monetary rewards was larger than that of real rewards. These results suggest that future studies are required to identify why the hypothetical reward procedure overestimates the discounting rates of real rewards.
  • 大河内浩人
    行動分析学研究 37 248-261 2023年4月  査読有り招待有り筆頭著者最終著者責任著者

MISC

 57
  • Masanobu Kuwahara, Akio Matsumoto, Hiroto Okouchi, Koichi Ono
    JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 56(2) 139-152 2014年4月  
    The present study examined whether bidirectional response-response relations could be established without direct reinforcement. In AB training for 12 undergraduates, higher rates of touches to a white circle on the monitor screen (A1) produced two stimuli (B1 and B2) on half of the trials, whereas lower rates (A2) produced the same effect on the other half. Choosing one of the two stimuli was reinforced according to the preceding responding (A1B1 and A2B2). In BC training, touching a stimulus (B1 or B2) produced three white circles lined up horizontally on the screen, after which one of two different response sequences to the circles (left-center-right, C1 or C2, and right-center-left, C2 or C1) were reinforced, depending on the stimulus presented (B1C1 and B2C2). After AB and BC relations were established, 11 of 12 participants showed the emergence of untrained relations (BA, CB, AC, and CA) throughout five test sessions, and the remaining participant showed it in the first four test sessions. These response-response relations were replicated with five other undergraduates and different trained relations.
  • Hiroto Okouchi, Kennon A. Lattal, Akira Sonoda, Taichi Nakamae
    JOURNAL OF THE EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR 101(2) 275-287 2014年3月  
    Two experiments were conducted to assess stimulus control and generalization of remote behavioral history effects with humans. Undergraduates first responded frequently under a fixed-ratio (FR) schedule in the presence of one line length (16 mm or 31 mm) and infrequently on a tandem FR 1 differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate (DRL) schedule when a second line length (31 mm or 16 mm) was present. Next, an FR 1 schedule in effect in the presence of either stimulus produced comparable response rates between the stimuli. Finally, a tandem FR 1 fixed-interval (FI) schedule was in effect under those same stimuli (Experiment 1) or under 12 line lengths ranging from 7 to 40 mm (Experiment 2). In both experiments, responses under the tandem FR 1 FI schedule were frequent in the presence of stimuli previously correlated with the FR schedule and infrequent in the presence of stimuli previously correlated with the tandem FR 1 DRL schedule. Short-lived but systematic generalization gradients were obtained in Experiment 2. These results show that previously established rates of behavior that disappear when the establishing contingencies are changed can subsequently not only reappear when the contingencies change, but are controlled by and generalize across antecedent stimuli.
  • Hiroto Okouchi
    Psychological Record 63(3) 595-614 2013年6月  
    A matching procedure was used to examine whether humans discriminate fixed-interval (FI) schedules. Fixed-ratio (FR), FI, or differentialreinforcement- of-low-rate (DRL) schedules were in effect during a sample schedule link. Responses meeting the schedule requirement produced a choice link in which each of three circles was presented with a unique color. The choice was reinforced depending on the schedule of the sample link. In Experiment 1, a correct response equal to or higher than 94.4% was obtained for each sample schedule in each of the four undergraduates. Post hoc analyses suggested that time spent with the sample schedule link may have functioned as a discriminative stimulus of the choices. In Experiment 2, after replicating the schedule discrimination with additional four participants, the FI value was changed to equate to the mean time spent in the FR or DRL schedule link. With this modified FI value, the accuracy was deteriorated but eventually recovered, whereas the lengths of time spent in the sample schedule links diverged across the schedules. Previous studies have shown that humans were insensitive to reinforcement schedules, especially to the FI schedule. These results demonstrate that humans discriminated the FI schedule and suggest that human schedule insensitivity is due to other than discriminative properties of the schedules.
  • Sonoda, A, Okouchi, H
    The Psychological Record 62 645-661 2012年11月  査読有り
  • 井野内伸彦, 大河内浩人
    心理学ワールド 59 27-28 2012年10月  

書籍等出版物

 8

講演・口頭発表等

 4

共同研究・競争的資金等の研究課題

 4